How؟

?How to operate fiber optic

Whenever people talked about the telephone or television systems that operate with cables terrestrial networks or the Internet combined with modern fiber-optic always mention fiber optics , what are the optical fiber ?Optical fiber is a long filaments of glass on a high degree of purity lifted up to the extent that resemble human head hair . These capillaries are lined up together in a package called optical cord (optical cable). If you look up close to one of these fiber optic will find it consists of:Core template which is the heart of ultra- pure glass represents the path that light travels through it .Veneer cladding and glass is the material that surrounds the external glass and the heart is made of glass break it differs from the coefficient of the refractive index of the glass , which makes him the heart and reflects light constantly to remain in the mold inside the glassBuffer coating protective casing is plastic wrap and protects the heart from damageHundreds or maybe thousands of these optical fibers are lined up together in a package to be the rope that protects the optical cover external

Types of Optical FiberOptical fiber can be divided generally into two basic types :Fiber optic -style unilateral single mode fiber moves through which an optical signal , and only one in each fiber optical fiber package and are used in telephone networks and cable TV . This type of fiber is characterized by its small radius of the heart where the glass up to about micron 9 and pass through a laser beam infrared wavelength 1.3-1.55 nm.

Fiber optic -style multi- multi-mode fibers and is transferred by many optical signals through the fiber -optic one which makes the best use of computer networks . This type of fiber is half the diameter of the largest , where up to 62.5micron and transmitted through the infrared .

How it works and how the optical fiber through which the movement of light ?Suppose you want to reach a flash of light through the course of a long straight All you need is to direct light through this path and because light travels in straight lines, it will arrive to the other party with no problems . But what if the track by the curvature ? Can easily be overcome by placing a mirror when bending to reflect light into the path again. And solve the problem in the same way if it was the track where many bends describe the path length mirrors to reflect light from the other side constantly to stay on track . This is exactly the idea of the optical fiber . Where light is transmitted by the constant reflection on the wall adjacent to the glass template (cladding) totally internally reflected . And because this wall does not absorb any of the light falling upon the optical signal can travel long distances. But that happens sometimes loses part of the light absorbed by the terms of impurities present in the glass heart .Implications of continuing to occur on the wall of the protective casing inside the optical fiber , this depends on the physical phenomenon called total internal reflection phenomenon of total internal reflection , what is this phenomenon and how it works ?

Physical basis for the transmission of light through optical fiberThe phenomenon of total internal reflection total internal reflection is the physical basis for the technology transfer of light over fiber Zhajih as we mentioned earlier that both the mold and the glass shell of glass and glass but the coefficient Anksarhma different . So why was a different refractive index and why and found two layers of glass ?Imagine if we have experimentally shown in the following figure , which represents a beam of laser in a basin of water and form the edge of the water barrier between the Ogg two water that plants break it bigger than central air , when dropping the laser beam perpendicular to the barrier it is fully implemented , but if increased angle gradually as in the following figure :

We note that part of the beam is implemented and the other part is reflected in the water, the greater the angle of incidence , the lower the intensity of the beam in force and increased the intensity of reflected beam , and at an angle ( approximately 48.6 degrees ) is called the critical angle out the beam parallel to the surface of the water and if the increased incidence angle a little bit about the critical angle , the beam not reflected fully implemented something from him , and this condition is called total internal reflection total internal reflection.

Phe total internal reflection if the following conditions are true :

(1) that the light travels from the center with the highest optical density ( coefficient break it big ) to the center of the lowest optical density ( coefficient of less break it ) .(2) to be the angle of incidence greater than the critical angle .

As an application on the phenomenon of reflection total internal then shining a laser beam on the water lunged from a small opening as in the figure, and you'll find that the path of the laser deviates with the flow of the water, and the reason for this is that the laser is reflected on the surface of the inside of the water where separates this surface between Ogg different in refractive index.

The same phenomenon occurs in the laser through the fiber-optic light as soon as he passed into the mold core glass reflected on the inner surface of the glass because the crust Anksarha coefficient greater than the template and continues laser reversal on both sides of the mold, regardless of whether the fiber optic straight or curved.

Components of the fiber optic systemFiber optic system consists of three basic parts :

Sender transmitterAnd which is produced and encrypts the traffic light where the main part is the light source may be a laser diode or light , for example , if we wanted to move the TV signal or any information it is necessary emblem optical modulation according to the information to be transferred . Modulating the optical signal may be changing intensity increase and decrease analogue modulation or ignite and extinguish them in sequence and is what is known as digital modulationFiber-opticAnd is the one who delivers the optical signal across distances and is the part that has been explained in advance.Future receiverReceives optical signal and converts it to lifting the decoded signal to electrical sent to the user , who may be a television or telephoneFeatures fiber-opticI've made a fiber-optic revolution in the world of communication to distinguish them on a regular plug wire are:More capable of carrying information because fiber optic wiring Increase regular , it can put a large number of them in a single package which increases the number of telephone lines or the number of channels broadcast in single rope . Enough to know that the bandwidth of optical fibers up to 50THz while larger bandwidth needs broadcast television does not exceed 6MHz.Slimmer as the radius less than the radius of the traditional copper wires , for example, can be replaced copper wire diameter of 7.62 cm by another from the optical fiber diameter does not exceed 0.635 cm and this is particularly important when extending the wires underground .Lighter can replace the copper wires weighing 94.5 kg with another fiber optic weighs only 3.6 kg.It has less of the signals sent in the optical fiber than in copper wire .Not possible crosstalk sent through fiber cord adjacent one which ensures the clarity of the transmitted signal , whether a telephone conversation or TV broadcast . It is not as exposed to electromagnetic interference , making the signal transmitted confidentially , which is especially important for military purposes .Non-flammable , which reduces the risk of fires.You need less energy in the generator because the loss during the delivery process a little .

Because of these advantages , the fiber-optic entered in a lot of industries , especially telecommunications and computer networks. Also used in medical imaging and in all types of high-quality Kmjdzisat of the change in temperature and pressure with its applications in exploration in the ground.

How to create a fiber-optic

As previously mentioned , and made of glass fiber-optic high degree of purity as described by one of the companies said that if there was an ocean of optical fibers up to several miles and looked out on the surface of the bottom of the must see clearly . The fiber-optic industry are as follows:1 - the work of a glass cylinder is a problem2 - pull the optical fiber from the glass cylinder3 - Testing of fiber optic

Glass used in the work of the non- problem of the cylinder is made through a process called modified chemical vapour deposition where oxygen is passed to a solution of chloride of silicon germanium chloride and other chemicals and then pass the fumes inside of the quartz tube placed in a lathe , especially when administered coke moves around the quartz tube where it causes high temperatures in the incidence of two things

(1) reacts silicon and germanium with oxygen to form silicon dioxide and germanium oxide(2) deposited silicon oxide and germanium oxide on the wall of the tube from the inside and merge together to form the required raw glass where it can be controlled with a purity and qualities of glass formed by controlling the mixture .

Now the fiber is withdrawn from the cylinder of raw non-problem by placing them in the clouds where the tool down in raw glass oven temperature carbon 1.900 to 2.200 degrees offered Selezah begins to melt down until dissolved as soon as the influence of gravity and fall cool-strand optical component. This strand address encapsulates the arena during towed by tractor with a continuous measure of the radius by using a laser micrometer. Withdraw from the template of raw fiber at a rate of 20m / s.

After that test the fiber of the hand : the refractive index , geometric shape , especially the radius , afford to flatten , the dispersion of light signals through them, information-carrying capacity , to endure temperatures and the possibility of connecting underwater lightPractical applications on the uses of fiber -opticDespite the use of optical fibers to transmit information over long distances grabbed most of the attention , but they are used to transfer information over short distances is also where up between the main computer and the computers or the side of the printer. Away from the field of communication emerged there are many other uses for this task and fiber for example, as a result of their flexibility and accuracy entered into a multi- industry digital cameras used in medical imaging , such as the popular imaging and endoscopy . Also entered in the manufacture of cameras used in photography to examine the mechanical and welding joints in pipes and generators . And to examine the long sewer pipes from the inside.Optical fiber is also used to determine Kmjdzisat change in temperature and pressure as strain sensors prefer the regular small size and sensitivity to small changes in their performance and accuracy . One important applications have Kmjdzisat to measure strain in the industry have entered the wall of some of the aircraft , giving the plane wall distinctive warns the pilot of the pressure on the wings or fuselage

Thursday, September 4, 2014

loans claim Attomey Mortgage Gaz/electricity Insurance

Adc

Wednesday, April 9, 2014

How to operate fiber optic ?

Followers